Oral Presentation 40th Annual Lorne Genome Conference 2019

UniNicE-seq: accessible chromatin landscape of cells and tissues  (#48)

Hang Yeong Chin 1 , Yi Sun 1 , Christina Hao 1 , Pierre-Olivier Esteve 1 , George Spracklin 1 , Sriharsa Pradhan 1
  1. Genome Biology Division, New England Biolabs Inc, Ipswich, MA, USA

Mammalian chromatin is dynamic, and contains active DNA regulatory elements that lead to its accessibility to transcription factors, and gene expression. Here, we describe a novel accessible chromatin mapping methodology using Nicking Enzyme assisted sequencing (NicE-seq) for integrative epigenomic analysis (Ponnaluri et al., 2017).  Universal NicE-seq (UniNicE-seq) captures open chromatin sites in both fixed and unfixed cells and reveals the genomic location of accessible/open chromatin sites (OCS) and transcription factor occupancy at single nucleotide resolution, with as few as 25 cells. OCS were coincident with DNaseI hypersensitivity (DNase-seq, Boyle et al., 2008) and ATAC-seq (Buenrostro et al., 2013) sites at a low sequencing burden of ~20 million reads. Open chromatin sites correlated with RNA pol II occupancy and transcriptionally active chromatin marks, while displaying a pattern contrasting to CpG methylation. We demonstrate the general applicability of the accessible chromatin profiling protocol for a variety of plant and mammalian cells, as well as with frozen 5-10 µM human fetal and adult tissue sections. In summary, UniNicE-seq allows a simpler and robust means to study the accessible chromatin structure of the mammalian genome, revealing the open chromatin landscape in a cellular and developmental context. 

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